With the Inveraray Castle, Rothesay Castle, and the new Toward Castle cooperating, the Castle Steamers were on the ascendancy in 1822. Their efforts to overcome the opposition on the route to Inveraray paid dividends in the new year. On July 8, 1823, the proprietors of the Neptune announced that they were sailing to Ayr that season rather than to Loch Fyne.
“The proprietors of the Neptune Steam Packet, with the most lively feelings of gratitude, acknowledge the peculiar kindness of a liberal public in the very great support they have received during the season;—a support which has been more kind and flattering from the long-continued attempt that has been made to establish a monopoly and crush their undertaking. They need not say the every effort will be made, and every expense incurred, that may be calculated to increase the comforts and conveniences of the passengers.
“They have the honour of announcing, that the Neptune will, on Tuesday the 15th current, sail for Ayr, calling at Greenock, Gourock, Dunoon, Rothesay, Largs, Millport, Ardrossan, Saltcoats, Irvine, and Troon, and return by the same route on Wednesday.
“Hours of sailing to be seen on the boards.”
Neptune seems to have settled down to the new route but also provided some variations, sailing as far as Campbeltown.
“The Neptune steam boat, Captain Kirkwood, at the request of a number of gentlemen, will sail to Ayr, on Tuesday the 15th July, calling at Greenock, Gourock, Dunoon, Rothsay, Largs, Millport, Ardrossan, Saltcoats, Irvine, and Troon, and return to Glasgow on Wednesday, by the same route.”
“The Neptune steam boat, Captain Kirkwood, at the request of a number of gentlemen, will sail to Campbelton, on Tuesday the 29th July, at half-past five o’clock mroning, calling at Port-Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock, Dunoon, Rothsay, Largs, Brodick, in Arran, and return, and return to Glasgow on Wednesday, by the same route.
“The proprietors return their most sincere thanks to a discerning public for the liberal encouragement they have received, and hope to merit a further continuance of their support.”
The other steam-boat displaced from the Inverary station was the Argyll and she began to sail to Campbeltown in concert with Britannia.
“The public are respectfully informed that the Argyll steam boat having now undergone complete repair, with new engine of extensive power, and with superior accommodation for the comfort of passengers, will commence sailing on Tuesday the 13th current, at five o’clock morning, for Campbeltown, calling at the intermediate ports, and will return on Thursday following. The vessel will continue to ply to Campbeltown, &c., during the season. Glasgow 9th May, 1823″
“The Argyll steam packet, Captain Mathieson, will sail from the Broomielaw on Wednesday the 2d July next at five o’clock morning for Campbelton, Dublin and Plymouth, returning July 7th. Glasgow, 12th June, 1823″
The Argyll also offered excursions, in this case to Staffa and Iona, presumably braving the waters round the Mull of Kintyre. Clearly she had taken up some diverse sailings earlier in the year and had good evidence that she was a good sea boat. The particularly early start is notable.
“At the request of a number of gentlemen of Glasgow and Campbelton, the Argyll steam packet, Captain Mathieson, will sail from the Broomielaw on Tuesday the 5th August, at half-past two o’clock morning for Campbelton, Icolmkill and Staffa. The vessel will reach Campbelton on Tuesday afternoon; from whence she will proceed to Icolmkill and Staffa, and return to Glasgow by Campbelton on the following Friday.
“The superiority of the Argyle both for sailing and accommodation is well known, she having lately performed a voyage round the Land’s-End to Plymouth, and back to Glasgow, to the entire satisfaction of all on board, which no other steam vessel ever attempted; and therefore a more favourable opportunity for visiting these celebrated islands is seldom met with. Glasgow, 30th July, 1823”
The superior arrangements of the Castle Steamers is evident in the schedule of sailings they offered, covering both Inveraray and the Lochfyne ports and Arran.
“Royal Mail Steam Packet Inverary Castle, Captain Thomson, will sail from the Broomielaw on Tuesday the 27th May, at four o’clock morning for Inverary, calling at Port-Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay, Tarbert, Lochgilphead, and the usual places in Lochfine, and return to Glasgow on Wednesday.
“The Toward Castle will sail on Saturday the 31st instant, for Brodick and Lamlash, Isle of Arran, and return to Glasgow on Monday. Glasgow, 24th May, 1823.”
“The Toward Castle, Captain Johnston, to Inverary on Saturday the 3rd May at half-past five o’clock, morning, returning Monday. Glasgow 1st May, 1823″
“The Toward Castle, Captain Johnston, to Inverary on Saturday the 14th June at five o’clock, morning, returning Monday. Glasgow 12th June, 1823″
“Also Inverary Castle to Inverary on Saturday forenoon the 10th May at seven o’clock, returning Monday. Glasgow 8th May, 1823″
“The Inverary Castle to Inverary on Tuesday morning the 17th June at eleven o’clock, returning Wednesday. Glasgow 17th June, 1823″
“The Inverary Castle to Inverary on Saturday morning the 21st June at ten o’clock, returning Monday. Glasgow 19th June, 1823″
“The Rothsay Castle, Captain Brown to Inverary on Saturday morning the 7th June at three o’clock, returning Monday. Glasgow 5th June, 1823″
“The Inverary Castle from the Broomielaw to Brodick and Lamlash on Saturday morning the 7th June at ten o’clock, returning Monday. Glasgow 5th June, 1823″
One interesting advert notes that for some reason, the Comet had terminated at Rothesay and the Inverary Castle was appointed to take passengers in connection. Various excursions were also possible, including one from Rothesay round Ailsa Craig. The service with the mails to Rothesay on a Sunday is also noted.
“The Inverary Castle, Captain Thomson, appointed to take passengers for the Comet steam packet from the Broomielaw to Rothesay on Monday the 9th instant at two o’clock, afternoon, where the Comet will be waiting to receive passengers going to Fort William, &c. returning Monday. Glasgow 6th June, 1823″
“The Inverary Castle, Captain Thomson, from the Broomielaw to Brodick and Lamlash on Saturday morning the 19th July at eleven o’clock. She will leave Arran on Sunday evening for Rothsay, and return to Glasgow on Monday. Glasgow 5th June, 1823″
“The Toward Castle, Captain Johnston to Inverary on Saturday morning the 26th July at half-past four o’clock, returning Monday. Glasgow 24th July, 1823″
“Royal Mail Steam Packet Inverary Castle, Captain Thomson, will sail from the Broomielaw on Tuesday morning the 8th instant, at three o’clock morning for Inverary, calling at Port-Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay, Tarbert, Lochgilphead, and the usual places in Lochfine, and return to Glasgow on Wednesday.
“One of the Company’s Packets will sail regularly to Inverary three times every week till farther notice, leaving Glasgow every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, and Inverary every Wednesday, Friday, and Monday, to and from Rothsay and intermediate ports every lawful day.
“One of the Packets also sails for Greenock every Sunday from Rothsay, with the Mail, and returns back to Rothsay the same day. Glasgow 5th July, 1823.”
“The Toward Castle, Captain Johnston sails on Wednesday the 9th July, for Brodick at 12 o’clock p.m., and returns to Rothsay same evening; and sails from Rothsay Thursday morning for the Craig of Ailsa where she will remain some time and return to Rothsay same evening. 5th July, 1823.”
The Comet steam-boat continued to sail to Fort William and in the season fit in an excursion from Fort-William to the celebrated islands of Staffa and Icolmkiln. This she advertised on Thursday the 3rd July, in fact postponed till the 10th, and the week after she planned leave the Broomielaw for Fort-William on Wednesday in place of Thursday as usual, although for the rest of the season the Comet sailed on her usual days, from Glasgow to Fort-William every Thursday, and from Fort-William to Glasgow every Monday.
The incursion of the Neptune into the Largs and Ayr trade in the middle of the season was an unwelcome surprise for the established businesses. They relied heavily on the patronage and reputation built up by years in the trade, outlined in their April advertisements.
“The Glasgow steam boat will sail on Saturday next at half-past nine o’clock morning for Greenock, Gourock, Largs, Millport, Ardrossan and Irvine, and return on monday morning.
“The Glasgow was the first steam boat that navigated the Ayrshire coast, and has continued in that trade since 1814.
“The subscribers are the sole owners, and are determined to use every possible exertion to secure the continuation of that patronage they have so long enjoyed from a liberal and discerning public. Every attention will be given as to the immediate and careful delivery of parcels put under their charge. James Cook, Wm. Macintyre. Glasgow 30th April, 1823.”
The Albion and Largs also responded.
“Albion and Largs steam boats. One of these vessels will (till further notice, and weather permitting) sail every Saturday from Glasgow for Ayr, calling at Greenock, Gourock, Innerkip, Largs, Millport, Irvine, and Troon, and return every Monday, calling at the same places.
“The Albion will sail for Ayr on Saturday first, the 3rd of May. The hour of sailing will be seen from the boards. Glasgow, 29th April, 1823.”
The Albion, Captain M‘Allum also sailed from Glasgow to Ayr on Thursday July 10th, returning to Glasgow the next day, and again on the morning of Saturday the 12th and returned to Glasgow the following Monday, calling at all the intermediate ports. Hours of sailing were to be seen on the boards. The Largs offered an excursion at the end of July.
“The Largs, Captain Kay, will sail from the Broomielaw for Belfast, early in the morning of Tuesday 29th July, planned to arrive at Belfast before dark.”
One more change occurred on the Ayrshire coast when the Dumbarton Castle returned from the Forth to sail on the Stranraer route in competition with Highland Chieftain.
“The Dumbarton Castle, Captain Wallace, will commence plying between Glasgow and Stranraer, upon Wednesday first, the 23rd July, and if encouragement offer, will continue to sail from Glasgow on Wednesdays and Saturdays, and from Stranraer on Mondays and Thursdays, calling at Greenock, Gourock, Innerkip, Largs, Ardrossan, Ayr and Girvan. Glasgow, 17th July, 1823.”
The Britannia steam-boat, Captain Wyse, continued to sail to Rothesay and Campbeltown with her customary jaunts to the Giants Causeway & Londonderry, calling at Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay, and Campbelton, and return to Glasgow at the request of a number of gentlemen. She made this trip on Friday 27th June, starting at five o’clock morning, and again on Friday the 8th August.
The rejuvination of the Oscar meant that the Fingal was exposed to sale by public roup on Wednesday 18th June. She was advertised with two engines in good repair. Apply to Peter Peterson, Glasgow 31st May. Fingal was sold and reappeared as the Roseneath Castle on the Helensburgh service after some repairs had been carried out. The Oscar was advertised in connection with the Lochlomond steamer, Marion, connecting at Arrochar where she lay to allow the passengers to make for Tarbet and sail to to the head of Lochlomond.
“The Oscar steam boat will sail on Wednesday the 18th instant, (and occasionally during the summer months) from Glasgow to Arrochar, calling at Port-Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock, and Ardentenny.
“Passengers by this route have an opportunity of enjoying the picturesque scenery of the Clyde, Loch Long, and by crossing to Tarbet (being one mile and a half), will meet the marion steam boat that plies on Lochlomond, where they will have a view of Benvorlich, Benlomond, and all that is worthy of notice in that romantic country, and can return the same evening to Glasgow.
“The Oscar will wait sufficient time at Arrochar for such passengers as go up Lochlomond to Tarbet in the forenoon, and wish to return that day by Loch Long to Glasgow, or any of the intervening ports.
“The proprietors of the Oscar are happy to be able to state, that from the repairs she has lately had, and the increase in speed, they may hope for a share of the public patronage.
“The hour of sailing will be seen on the boards. May, 1823”
Marion’s main business continued as usual with the connection from Glasgow provided by Dumbarton.
“Marion steam boat on Loch Lomond, elegantly and commodiously fitted out, will begin to ply through the Loch on Saturday the 7th June; and will continue to do so every lawful day during the summer calling at Balmaha, Luss, Rouardeddan, foot of Ben Lomond, Tarbet, and Rob Roy’s cave. The Marion will sail from Balloch every morning at 10 o’clock, the dumbarton steam boat, whose hour of sailing for Dumbarton in the morning will be seen on the boards the day previous, will take the passengers to Dumbarton, and return with them to Glasgow the same evening. Passengers, on reaching Dumbarton in the morning, will find carriages ready to convey them to Balloch.”
Both Oscar and Post Boy undertook connections between the Broomielaw and Greenock for the Channel steam-boats to Dublin and Liverpool. This was the first regular service connecting Glasgow and Dublin.
“Direct communication between Greenock and Dublin.
“The new and elegant steam-packet, Emerald Isle, J. B. Anstice, Commander, will leave Greenock on Thursday 21st inst. At 12 o’clock for Dublin. This beautiful vessel is about 400 tons burthen, and propelled by engines constructed on the most approved principle, of 140 horse power. Her cabins are fitted up in the most splendid and comfortable manner.
“The Emerald Isle, or the St. George, belonging to the same company, will commence sailing regularly once a-week to Dublin on Saturday the 9th August, leaving Greenock every Saturday at two o’clock afternoon, and Dublin every Thursday afternoon for Greenock. The celebrity of the St. George both as to superiority of equipment and regularity in making her passages, is so well established as to require no further recommendation on the part of the proprietors.
“As no expense has been spared to render these fine vessels as complete in every respect as possible, the proprietors confidently hope for a liberal share of public support.
“Families, or parties who prefer it, may be accommodated with private cabins.
“Refreshments of all kinds may be had on board.
“Birth may be secured or further information had, by applying to Alexr. Laird, Greenock, John Watson, Jun., Liverpool, R. J. & H. Hayes, Dublin. 24th July, 1823.”
“The Oscar steam boat will convey the passengers for the Emerald Isle and St. George, to and from Glasgow. On Thursday 31st inst. She will leave Glasgow at eight o’clock morning.”
The Post Boy left Glasgow every Tuesday and Friday morning, at eight o’clock, with the passengers for the Liverpool Packets, Majestic and City of Glasgow. Later the Superb was added and the Post Boy sailed from the Broomielaw Monday, Wedesday and Friday, and from Greenock on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.
A series of cartoons appeared in the “Glasgow Looking-Glass” depicting a trip from the Broomielaw to Liverpool. These are presented in sequence here:
The trip starts on the Post-Boy sailing from western extent of the Broomielaw next to the light-house.
The travelers are seen to be enjoying the trip down the Clyde in anticipation of their adventure.
Arrival at Greenock involves a scramble of passengers and their luggage.
Some have missed their boat.
Onto the more open waters of the Clyde on, perhaps, the Majestic with a brisk wind.
Passengers make do as best they can in the overnight sail.
Arrival at Liverpool in the next day
One interesting addendum in the papers of the day was the sale of a small steam packet, Lovely Lass.
“The new and fast sailing steam packet, called the Lovely Lass, now lying at the Broomielaw, immediately below the new bridge; in length 93 feet, breadth 12 feet 5 inches, and measuring per carpenters certificate, 68 tons and 47-94th part of a ton, having a powerful engine with a cylinder 20½ inches diameter.
“The Lovely Lass was built at the beginning of the present year, is one of the fastest sailing vessels yet brought forward, and has proved herself to be an excellent sea boat. Glasgow 31st July, 1823″
At this time, the shallowness of the Clyde dictated that the larger steam-boats were either restricted to Greenock, as in the case of the Liverpool and Dublin boats, or, in the case of the Belfast boats, could approach Glasgow only at the right state of the tide. Efforts to assis nature in the deepening process were introduced in 1824 with the addition of the first steam dredger of 12 horse-power. By the end of the year it was claimed that more material had been removed from the river in one year with the new machine than in the twenty-years previous with the plough and drag then in use. A second dredger of 16 horse-power was added in 1826 and a third in 1831.
The middle years of the decade saw continued growth in the popularity of the steamboats for commerce and tourism. There was new construction for the Belfast route with a small steamboat by the name of George Canning. The new boat had the advantage of being able to sail regardless of the tide. David Napier had a hand in her and her owner was Hugh Price, an experienced master who was later joined by Dr. Stevenson, a surgeon and engineer, and another master, J Dalziel.
In 1824 another boat was built for the company by Mr Lang, of Dumbarton; Mr William Denny having declined to give an offer, as insufficient time was allowed him for this purpose. This boat was engined by Mr Robert Napier, of Camlachie. This engine was the first one made by him. The letters which passed between the owners and Mr Napier are worded in their characteristic style. Having considered his offer ‘to furnish and complete the engine for the new boat at one thousand and sixty pounds sterling, they agree to accept Mr Napier’s offer, but they consider that Mr Napier ought to reduce the price to one thousand pounds sterling, as they have accepted of his offer without taking an estimate from any other engineer; but under condition only that Mr Napier upholds the boat at the end of twelve months to sail equal to any other that may at that time be plying of the same class upon the River Clyde.’ This new boat was called the Leven.
On February 18th, there was a serious collision between the Robert Burns and the tug Hercules off Port Glasgow in which the former was sunk and a passenger, Archibald Thomson of Cregans Ferry, was drowned. The master and pilot of the Hercules steam-boat, William Blackwood and Alexander Macalpine, were tried for culpable homicide and found not guilty. The accident was resulted from a lax attention to the regulations for passing in the channel that was narrowed by the presence of a wreck. The Robert Burns was salvaged and repaired and re-appeared as the Robert Bruce after the channel steamer of that name was burned.
An important piece of literature appeared in 1824. The Steamboat Traveller’s Remebrancer by William Harriston was a descriptive poetic account of a number of trips to the watering places on the Clyde coast and was well received. The subscription list to the “Steamboat Traveller’s Remembrancer” contains the names of some of the captains and crew of the steamboats and it is likely that this litte volume was available, if not for purchase then almost certainly for the consultation and enjoyment of the Cabin passengers on board.
In January, the Royal Mail Steam Packets Inverary (Thomson), Rothesay (Brown), and Toward (Johnston) Castles continued sailing for Inverary on Saturday at 5 o’clock morning, returning on Monday. One packet sailed to Lochgilphead on Wednesday, returning Thursday, and there was service to and from Rothesay every lawful day during the winter months. It was noted that “One of the packets sails from Rothesay to Greenock every Sunday morning, at half-past eight o’clock, with the Mail, and leaves Greenock for Rothesay same day, at eleven o’clock forenoon, and will continue to do so until further notice.” In May, the summer schedule was announced with sailings to Inverary three times a week (Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday returning the following day) with Toward Castle sailing to Island of Arran on Saturday, returning on Monday, calling at Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay, Brodick, Lamlash. The addition to the advertisements “Any person attempting to put whisky, or any illicit article on board, will be prosecuted,” revealed that the exciseman was paying attention.
On the Largs route, the Largs (Kay) commenced to ply in April to Greenock, Gourock, Inerkip, Largs and Millport as formerly. Sailing from Broomielaw at half-past five morning. On Saturday the sailing was extended to Ayr, returning Monday. Later, in the season (August), Largs sailed twice a week to Ayr on Wednesday and Saturday returning Thursday and Monday respectively. Likewise, Albion (M‘Callum) alternated the sailing for Greenock, Gourock, Inerkip, Largs, Millport, Ardrossan, Irvine, Troon, and Ayr, upon Saturday morning at seven o’clock, and return on Monday. Highland Chieftain (John Wauchope) continued to sail for Stranraer on Thursdays calling at Greenock, Saltcoats, Ayr and Girvan, returning Monday.
In addition to the Campbelton route, both Britannia (Wyse) and Argyle (Mathieson) sailed regularly for Giant’s Causeway and Londonderry beginning in May. For example on Friday 14th May at four o’clock morning Britannia sailed for Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay, Campbelton, Giant’s Causeway and Londonderry, returning the following Tuesday, while Argyle sailed for Giant’s Causeway and Londonderry on Friday 4th June at six o’clock, returning Tuesday. The sailings must have been lucrative, indicating increased commerce between the two ports and not exclusively tourist excursions.
A new enterprise, the Glasgow and Caledonian Canal Steam Packet Company began a service to Inverness from Glasgow. The was Ben-Nevis, built by J. Lang at Dumbarton, engined by Robert Napier, and at 45 tons was small enough to fit through the locks in the Crinan and Caledonian Canals.
“Ben-Nevis (Robert Bain, late of Comet) on Thursday at eleven o’clock forenoon and return on Monday calling at Greenock, Rothsay, Tarbert, Lochgilphead, through the Crinan Canal, Luing, Easdale, Oban, Port-Appin, Corran, Fort-William, Corpach, Fort-Augustus, and Fall of Foyers. Alex Ure, Secy. Robert Stewart, Agent, 19th April, 1824″
However, there may have been some difficulties in maintaining the proposed schedule as an advertisement from the owners of the Comet noted disappointments of passengers on conveyance from Fort-William to Inverness and has they had instructed Captain M‘Lean to sail there direct next week. Sails Monday and reaches Inverness on Wednesday returning on Thursday.
On Loch Lomond, Marion commenced sailing on 1st June with connection from Dumbarton Steam Boat. 18th May, 1824
Post Boy sailed at eight in the morning connecting with the Liverpool packets City of Glasgow and Majestic. Meanwhile, Alex Laird had secured the services of the Port-Glasgow steamboat sailing on Saturday afternoon at 2 o’clock with passengers for Henry Bell for Liverpool and James Watt sailed for Liverpool on Tuesday. Lighters took packages and luggage the prior evening.
One of the early steam-boats, Clyde, renamed Gourock in 1821, was offered for sale at Lyceum Rooms on 28th April under bailie’s warrant. She was lying in Mr. Napier’s Dock. After her sale, she was again renamed Lord Byron.
The loose cooperation between the owners of the Castle Steamers paid dividends in allowing the provision of a reliable service to Rothesay and Loch Fyne. With three good steamers they were able to offer a daily service to Rothesay and thrice a week to Inveraray. At the beginning of the season, they advertised as follows:
“Regular conveyance to Lochgilphead and Inverary, The Royal Mail Steam Packets, Inverary, Rothesay and Toward Castles. Toward Castle (Captain Johnston) will sail from the Broomielaw on Saturday Morning, the 9th April, at five o’clock, for Inverary, calling at Port-Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay, Tarbert, and Lochgilphead, and return to Glasgow on Monday. One of the above packets will sail from Glasgow every Wednesday for Lochgilphead, and every Saturday for Inverary, returning on Thursdays and Mondays to Glasgow until Tuesday 19th April when they will commence plying for the season from Glasgow to Inverary three times a week viz on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, and return on Wednesdays, Fridays and Mondays calling at all the intermediate ports and to and from Rothesay every day. The hours of sailing on the boards.
“One of the packets sails from Rothesay for Greenock every Sunday morning, at half-past eight o’clock, with the Mail, and leaves Greenock for Rothesay same day at eleven o’clock forenoon, and will commence to do so until farther notice.
“Any person putting whisky or other illicit article on board will be prosecuted; and the proprietors of these packets will not be liable for parcels or luggage put on board them. Glasgow 7th April, 1825.”
The thrice weekly service began on 21st May , sailing to Inveraray on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday and returning next day. The daily service to Rothesay continued with an addition of a sailing to Arran every Saturday, returning on Monday. On 3rd June, Rothesay Castle, Captain Brown on Inverary route leaving at 4:30 on Thursday, 6:00 on Saturday. Toward Castle sails for Arran on Wednesday at 7:00 and returns to Rothesay that evening and on Saturday at 10:00 to Arran, returning on Monday. On 18th June, it was the Inverary Castle, Captain Thomson on Inverary route
The upsurge in tourist traffic to Inverary and from there to the West Highlands and Islands also provided an opportunity for the alternate route that combined sailing to Lochgoilhead and a coach ride through Hell’s Glen to St Catherine’s where Loch Fyne was crossed by ferry. Sailings to Arrochar on Loch Long could also attract passengers on the Loch Lomond tour. On 9th February, 1825, the Lochgoil, and Lochlong Steam Boat Company was formed as a joint-stock company with a capital of £5,500 consisting of 110 £50 shares held by Archibald Campbell of Drimsynie, Mungo Nutter Campbell of St Catherine’s, at the time Lord Provost of Glasgow, Peter Graham, ship-master of Glasgow, Andrew Rankin, merchant of Glasgow, and Arthur Forbes, writer. They first purchased the Oscar, the regular vessel serving Lochgoilhead, from A. Dow, and had two new steamers constructed. The first of these, St. Catherine, came from the yard of John Wood, then at Dumbarton, and the second from Wood & Ritchie’s yard at Port Glasgow.
“The Lochgoil, and Lochlong Steam Boat Company beg to inform the public that the Oscar steamboat, one of their vessels, having got a thorough repair, will begin plying to the following places: Lochgoilhead on Tuesday and Saturday, Arrochar on Thursday, calling at Greenock, Gourock, and Ardentinny, and returning to Glasgow in the evening. Their new steam vessel St. Catherine is expected to be ready for sailing about the beginning of June. Hours of sailing on the boards. Glasgow 17th May.”
The new vessel appeared on the route in June.
“The Lochgoil, and Lochlong Steam Boat Company beg leave to intimate that their steam boats St. Catherine and Oscar will commence on Moday 20th June to ply ding the season between Glasgow and Lochgoilhead and Glasgow and Arrochar on the following days: one to Lochgoilhead every Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday; and one to Arrochar every lawful day, each boat leaving the Broomielaw in the morning and returning in the evening. Both boats will call both going and returning at Port-Glasgow, Greenock, Gourock and Ardentinny, and the hours of sailing will be seen on the boards of the day.
“At Lochgoilhead light carts with seats can be had to accommodate parties going to Inverary; and from the ferry at St. Catherine’s similar conveyances for parties coming from Inverary.
“By means of these steam boats and those already established by other respectable companies, the public will have an opportunity, expeditiously, and at moderate expense, of viewing, on the one hand, in addition to the far-famed scenery of the Kyles of Bute, and Lochfine, that of Lochgoil, equally striking; and on the other the well known scenery of Lochlomond, together with that of Lochlong. That parties who leave Glasgow in the morning may be enabled to return in the evening, having made the round to Lochlomond and Lochlong; and on the second evening, having made the round to Inverary and Lochgoil, care will be taken so to regulate the sailing of the vessels, that persons coming from or going to Lochlomond, and coming from or going to Inverary, will not be disappointed in the conveyances they may respectively wish to take.
“At both destinations reasonable time will be given for parties on pleasure to have their ramble on shore, and good tables will be kept on board. Glasgow 17th June, 1825.”
The connections with Loch Lomond also experienced increased attention as a new steamboat, Lady of the Lake appeared on the Loch. The Marion began her season at the end of May.
“Steam Boat Marion on Lochlomond, handsomely fitted out, will begin to ply through the Loch on Monday 30th May, and will continue to do so every lawful day during the summer. The Marion will sail from Balloch every morning at 10 o’clock. The Dumbarton and Leven Steam-boats (whose hours of sailing for Dumbarton in the Morning will be seen on the boards the day previous) will take the passengers to Dumbarton, and return with them to Glasgow the same evening. Passengers, on reaching Dumbarton, will find carriages ready to convey them to Balloch.”
The opposition service was started by a group of local business men, including Adam Walker, proprietor of the Balloch Hotel, Donald M‘Lellan, proprietor of the Tarbet Hotel, John Bell of Dumbarton, John M‘Murrich of Stuckgowan, and Jonas Gildard of Tullichewan. The new company, Lochlomond Steamboat Company, aimed to break Napier’s monopoly and much competition ensued. Fares on the Marion were 7/6 first cabin and this was reduced to 3/- in the new steamboat. One issue was the transport of passengers from Glasgow, generally provided by the Dumbarton steam-boats. However, some changes were afoot, beginning with the sale of the Highland Lad, then plying to Greenock.
Highland Lad, advertised for sale by public roup on Friday 10th June with her machinery, furniture and whole appurtenances. The engine was lately made by Girdwood & Co., and the vessel is in excellent working order. Apply to Cpt. Morrison at the vessel (seen at Broomielaw or Greenock) or Walkinshaw, Dow & Cooper, writers.
The Highland Lad was purchased by David Napier and after repairs was used to provide a connection between Glasgow and Bowling where passengers could board coaches for Balloch. It seems clear that David Napier was not pleased that the Dumbarton Steamboat Co. was willing to carry passengers to connect with the new Loch Lomond service.
“New steam boat on Lochlomond, Lady of the Lake. The above vessel is now plying on Lochlomond starting from Balloch every lawful day, at ten o’clock, morning. The Lady of the Lake is an entire new vessel, fitted up in a neat, comfortable, and superior style, and likewise propelled by a powerful engine.
“Breafasts and dinners, wines and other sorts of liquors of the best quality to be had on board.
“The Dumbarton and Leven steam boats (whose hours of sailing for Dumbarton, in the morning, will be seen on the boards the day previous) will take the passengers to Dumbarton, and return with them to Glasgow the same evening. Passengers on reaching Dumbarton, will find carriages ready to convey them to Balloch. 5th August, 1825.
In late August, the owners of the Lady of the Lake made the claim to sail several miles above Rob Roy’s Cave, normally the limit of Marion’s route. The proprietors also took upon “themselves the merit of having reduced the exhorbitant fares charged upon Loch Lomond for these several years past to the present very moderate rate, thus putting it in the power of almost every individual to see and admire one of the most delightful scenes that this country.”
Napier’s response involved a reduction in fares on the Marion and the provision of the new connection to Bowling.
“For Dumbarton to sail every morning with passengers for Lochlomond, return to Glasgow, sail again in the afternoon, and return with passengers from Lochlomond in the evening the Highland Lad completely fitted with a new a powerful engine. Fares: cabin 1s, steerage 6d. To commence sailing on Monday 22nd inst (August). The hour to be seen on the boards.”
In late August, the advertisement for Marion divorced itself from the Dumbarton Steamers altogether, relying on the Highland Lad and coaches from Glasgow.
“The Marion steam boat continues to ply on Lochlomond, every lawful day, leaving Balloch every morning precisely at 10 o’clock, as she waits only for passengers by Mr. Lyon’s coaches from Glasgow, and Mr. Bell’s from Bowling Bay.
“The Highland Lad Steam-boat, which sails every morning from the Broomielaw will land passengers at Bowling in time for breakfast and proceed from thence by the coaches, to Lochlomond.
“The coaches leave Balloch again for Glasgow immediately on return of the Marion from her cruise on the Loch, and passengers sailing in her have a preference for seats in these coaches.
“By this direct mode of communication the expense and delay occasioned in going round by Dumbarton are avoided and travellers can depend on arriving in Glasgow before 9 o’clock in the evening.
“NB the Marion is a safe well conducted vessel and provides good dinners and the best of wines and liquors.”
The Dumbarton steam-boats, Dumbarton and Leven also suffered competition from a new addition, Benlomond. Slightly larger and more powerful than Leven, she came from the same Dumbarton stable of James Lang and engined by Robert Napier. She was able to provide excursions to Loch Long, competing with the new Lochgoilhead Company.
“Benlomond steam boat, Captain Wallace, has commenced plying betwixt Dumbarton, Glasgow and Greenock with passengers and goods. Hours of sailing to be seen on the boards. The benlomond is propelled by a powerful engine, and elegantly fitted up for the accommodation of passengers.
“Pleasure trip, the Benlomond steam boat, Captain Wallace, will sail from the Broomielaw on Thursday 7 instant at six o’clock morning for Greenock, Ardentinny, Lochgoilhead and Lochlonghead and return in the evening. Fares moderate, 4th July, 1825.”
Helensburgh
Sailings to Helensburgh and the Gareloch also experienced an increase in competition. The established steam-boat, Sovereign, continued in the trade but now had the new Helensburgh as a competitor. The new vessel was a product of William Denny’s yard and engined by Robert Napier.
“Sovereign, Captain Henderson begs leave to inform the public from whom he experienced so large a share of patronage last year, that he has completed the alteration made for their comfort and hopes they will continue to give him that support they have hitherto so liberally bestowed. He will continue to leave Helensburgh every morning, and Glasgow every afternoon during the summer.
“The Sovereign steam-boat sails from the Broomielaw at twelve o’clock noon with passengers and parcel bag for the Henry Bell. Glasgow 11th August, 1825″
The advertisement for the new boat made no extravagant claims but both steam-boats assumed the same schedule and doubtless there were instances of racing.
“The new steam boat Helensburgh will sail from the Broomielaw for Greenock, Helensburgh, and Roseneath, this day and tomorrow at three o’clock afternoon and will continue to ply regularly to and from these places at the hours mentioned on the boards.
“The Helensburgh is fitted up in the most elegant and comfortable manner, and her rate of sailing is at least equal to that of any other on the station. Glasgow 29th July, 1825.”
List from Lumsden’s Steamboat Companion, 1825
As in previous years, the steam boat Largs, Captain Kay, was advertised to sail (weather permitting), from Glasgow to Ayr Saturday and Wednesday returning Monday and Thursday, calling going and returning at Greenock, Gourock, Innerkip, Largs, Millport, Ardrossan and Troon. Hours of sailing to be seen on the boards. Glasgow 28th July, 1825.
The Stranraer steam-boat, Dumbarton Castle, was advertised for sale by warrant on 1st June at Dumbarton at the upset price of £600, with her engine and machinery, whole furniture and apparatus. She was repaired but remained laid-up and was again offered for sale on 14th September: “That well-known steam boat Dumbarton Castle (at present lying at Dumbarton), 84 feet keel, 16.5 feet beam, and engine of 32 hp, the hull having undergone complete repair about a month ago. The engine was in good working condition when laid up and at trifling expense for her size and construction could be converted into an excellent vessel for goods and passengers. Inquire Mr. John Wilson, tallow chandler, Tradestown, and Mr. Duncan M‘Arthur, engineer, Broomielaw.”
The major changes to the Clyde services, however, came with a proliferation of services to the Western Highlands and Islands and connections with Ireland. In the early part of the year, the Argyle was sailing to Belfast.
“Argyll (Captain Mathieson) will sail from the Broomielaw, direct for Belfast, on Saturday, April 9th, at six o’clock morning. The Argyll has been fitted up with births for the better accommodation of passengers, to engage which, apply on board. Archd. M‘Eachern, No 3 Turner’s Court, Glasgow, 6th April, 1825.”
On 22nd April, it was announcxed that “A well-provided table is kept on board the vessel, with a selection of wines and liquors, on the most moderate terms. Any person introducing smuggled goods will be prosecuted.”
During the season, both Britannia and Argyle continued to sail to Campbeltown with frequent trips to Londonderry and the Giant’s Causeway. The Britannia steamboat, Captain Wyse, sailed from the Broomielaw to Giant’s Causeway and Londonderry, on Friday the 27th May calling at Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay and Campbelton, from where she proceeded across the Channel to the Giant’s Causeway and finally to Londonderry where she remained until Monday morning; then returned to Glasgow calling again at all the intermediate ports on her way home. The Britannia was fitted up with births for the better accommodation of passengers, to engage which, apply on board. Hours of sailing to be seen on the Board. The trip was repeated on Friday 10th June for Londonderry calling at Greenock, Gourock, Rothesay and Campbelton for this trip, returning on the Monday following. The statement was added that “Public advised that Britannia and Argyle steam packets will commence plying regularly to Londonderry twice a week leaving Glasgow on Tuesdays and Fridays and returning on Thursdays and Mondays. By the new arrangement, the packets go directly to Londonderry in place of touching at Campbelton as formerly.” On Tuesday 14th June, Argyll, Captain Mathieson sailed at 11:00 for Giant’s Causeway where she remained a sufficient time to enable passengers to view this interesting natural curiosity and Londonderry. The spelling of the vessel’s name in this advert placed on June 11th varied, and on 20th June spelling changed again.
The stablemate of Britannia, Waterloo, then currently lying at the Broomielaw was advertised for sale (exposed to public roup) on Wednesday 8th June. She was to be sold with her whole machinery and appurtenances, including anchors, cables, boat, intimation boards and furniture. The engine was of 20 h.p. and in good working order with two boilers and copper shells which alone are worth upwards of £300. Apply to William Cairney (glazier), or Messrs. Duncan Turner & Thomas Smith, writers. May 25th, 1825. She was purchased to be renamed Maid of Islay, sailing out of West Loch Tarbert in connection with the Castle Steamers to a number of destinations along the West Coast and providing an alternative to the steam-boats psassing through the Crinan Canal.
“Maid of Islay steam-boat, Captain Sinclair, will sail from West Loch Tarbert on Thursday the 7th instant immediately after the arrival of the Inverary Boat at East Tarbert for Oban, Tobermory, Isle Oronsay and Portree, calling at all the intermediate ports. She will return from Portree on the following Monday morning by the same tract, and calling at the different places on the passage to West Tarbert where she will arrive on Tuesday evening, and passengers coming by her will get on to Glasgow by the Inverary Boat the next morning.—She will sail on the same evening of Tuesday the 12th instant for Portaskaig with the passengers by the Inverary Boat from Glasgow, remain there till the following morning, and then proceed to Icolmkill and Staffa, returning by the sound of Islay to West Tarbert on Thursday.
“It is expected that this fine steam vessel will continue to apply weekly in the above tracts, but of which the public will be regularly informed; her boilers have of late been considerably enlarged, and she now proves to be one of the fasted sailing boats in the kingdom, having lately effected a passage from Portaskaig, by the Inner Sounds, to Broadfield Bay, Isle of Sky (150 miles) in the short space of 17 hours, and returned to the same place by Iona and Staffa a distance of 120 miles in 13.5 hours. She has two elegantly fitted up cabins, with 14 beds. A good table is regularly served on board, and from the capacity of the vessel, and her superiority as a sea boat to any of the boats now plying in that quarter, her owners, with some confidence, beg to solicit a share of public favour. The distance from East Tarbert to West Tarbert is about one English mile of a good road; and the accommodation of the Inns, both at Tarbert and Portaskaig, is not inferior to any to be met with in the Highlands.
“For farther particulars, apply to Alexander Graham, 37 Maxwell Street, Glasgow, 1st July, 1825.
“She will sail tomorrow for the Sound of Islay, immediately after the arrival of the Toward Castle at Tarbert from Glasgow.”
At the end of July, the Maid of Islay steam-boat, Captain Muir, sailed from West Loch Tarbert on Tuesday the 26th instant immediately after the arrival of the Inverary Boat at East Tarbert from Glasgow, for Portaskaig where she remained till the following morning and then proceeded to Icolmkill and Staffa returning by the Sound of Islay to West Tarbert on Thursday. As this boat and the Highland Chieftain met on the Wednesday in the sound of Icolmkill, it was possible to effect a change of passengers if wished for which gave the round of the outer and inner Sounds to the passengers by each boat. She then sailed from West Tarbert on Friday 28th current for Oban, Tobermory, Isle Oronsay and Portree, returning the following Monday. The Staffa and Icolmkill trip was discontinued on 20th August.
The Ben-Nevis and Highland Chieftain steam boats began to sail for the season in April. They offered service to Inverness through the Crinan and Caledonian Canals and to Tobermory with trips to Iona and Staffa.
“Ben-nevis and Highland Chieftain steam boats. The Glasgow and Caledonian Canal Steam Boat Company in reference to their former advertisements have the honour of notifying that their steam boat Ben-nevis having now commenced to ply for the season between Glasgow and Inverness will continue to sail from Glasgow every Thursday for Inverness, calling at Greenock, Rothesay, Lochgilphead, passing through the Crinan Canal, and calling at Luing, Easdale, Oban, Port Appin, Corran, Fort-William, Corpach, Fort-Augustus, and the Fall of Foyers; and will leave Inverness on her return on the Monday following for Glasgow calling at each of said ports. The hours of sailing each day to be seen on the boards.
“The steam vessel Highland Chieftain is at present under certain alterations and improvements and will be ready for sea in the course of three weeks. Particulars of her sailing will appear in future advertisements. Both vessels have been newly painted, and otherwise fitted up for the season. Robert Stewart, No 128 Broomielaw, Glasgow 8th April.”
Highland Chieftain began to sail to Tobermory on Friday 20th May calling at ports including Easdale, Oban, Auchnacraig and returning on Monday 23rd. The Ben-nevis continued to sail on Thursday for Inverness. 20th May
On 18th July Highland Chieftain began to sail from Glasgow to Oban Tobermory, Staffa and Icolmkill on Monday, passing Oban on Tuesday where she will meet the Inverness boats passing southward to Glasgow and remaining at Tobermory on Tuesday night. On Wednesday she sails to Icolmkill and Staffa, returning to Tobermory on Wednesday night where she meets maid of islay from the Island of Islay with which passengers may exchange during Wednesday night, thence returning to Glasgow on Thursday, repassing Oban where she will agin meet the Inverness boast passing northwards. The Ben-nevis continues to sail on Thursdays for Inverness.
On 12th August, the same schedule was advertised with the added information on the masters, both presumably ex-Royal Navy: Highland Chieftain, Lieut. D. Mackenzie, and Ben-Nevis, Lieut. J. P. Campbell.
Competing on the west-highland and island routes was the Highlander (M‘Innes) that on 6th April, 1825 began to sail on Tuesday for Tobermory, Skye and Staffa. She was advertised to sail every second Tuesday to Skye and to Staffa and Iona on the alternate Tuesday. Anotice to the effect that “Any person introducing smuggled goods will be prosecuted,” was appended. The same schedule was intimated on 26th May, sailing to Staffa and Iona on 31st May and Skye the next week, alternating weekly. “There is always a well supplied table kept on board with a choice selection of wines and liquors of the best quality. Further particulars from Archd. M‘Eachern, No. 3 Turner’s Close.” She finished sailing to Iona and Staffa in late September
The Glasgow and Inverness Steam Packet Stirling, Captain M‘Lean, will commence plying between Glasgow and Inverness with goods and passengers on Wednesday 27th April at eight o’clock morning and will leave Inverness the following Wednesday morning at five o’clock. The Stirling will call at Greenock, Crinan, Luing, Easdale, Oban, Port Appin, Corran, Fort-William, Corpach, Fort-Augustus, and the Fall of Fiars and will sail until farther notice. Alex Laird & Co. 25 York Street, Glasgow April 21st 1825.
The Stirling was Comet’s one-time companion but at the end of the year, it was the latter that attracted attention. The sinking of the Comet will be the subject of a separate article.
The summer of 1825 had seen a great expansion of service on the Belfast route. The dominant vessel on the route at the beginning of the year was the Swift. The steam-boats on the Belfast berth had, over the years increased in size so that they could only sail from Glasgow with the tide in flood. This meant that the steam-boats left at irregular times as her schedule in July indicates. If arrival did not coincide with the tide, then the passengers and their luggage were trans-shipped at Greenock to smaller vessels engaged in the river trade, a distinct inconvenience.
“Glasgow, Greenock, & Belfast Steam Packet.
“The steam packet Swift, of 80 horse power, Swan Blyth, R.N. Commander, is appointed to sail from Glasgow, for Greenock and Belfast, every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, and to return on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, till further notice.
“Agents: Wm. Crichton, 60 Queen St., Glasgow, Rob. Sanderson, East Quay, Greenock, John Gilles, Belfast, John Strachan, Port Hopetoun, Edinburgh.
“The great superiority of the Swift over the Cock boat that is puffed off as sailing direct from the Broomielaw, is now so well known at Glasgow and Belfast, as scarcely to require to be noticed in this advertisement; but for the sake of strangers coming from a distance; it may be proper to state, that her size and power are double, and her speed so much greater, that when the two vessels start together, the Swift runs the other out of sight in five or six hours. Her hours of sailing are so adapted to the tide, as to ensure the shortest possible passage, by arriving at Greenock and Glasgow about high water, and at Belfast as soon as there is water up to the quay. Glasgow, 30th June, 1825.”
In the advertisement, reference is made to the “Cock” boat, an idea generally ascribed to David Napier to place smaller vessels on the service. The steam-boat in this case was the George Canning, built by James Lang, at 120 tons compared with 250 tons for the Swift, with engines from David Napier. Her owner is given as Hugh Price, an experienced sea captain, who was joined in partnership with Dr. James Stevenson and J Dalziel. These gentlemen went on to own a number of vessels over the next two decades.
New steam packet George Canning sails for Belfast every Tuesday and Friday. The George Canning is the only packet on this station that sails direct from Glasgow and passengers by her are not subjected to the delay and trouble of changing vessels and re-shipping their luggage &c., at Greenock. For passage apply on board or to John Gemmill, Broomielaw, June, 1825.
The Canning’s response to the Swift’s advertisement appeared at the beginning of July.
“The George Canning has crossed the channel upwards of 60 times and has in every instance accomplished her passage without putting into any intermediate ports.
“If the writer of a contemptible article in the Swift’s advertisement of Friday last means the George Canning, he has the merit of stating a gross falsehood, knowing it to be such, and therefore it must be written for the express purpose of deceiving the public!!!
“The author of the paragraph alluded to is challenged to produce a single instance of the swift having ever accomplished her passage from Belfast to Greenock in so short a period as the george canning.
“The public will be surprised to learn, after reading the Swift’s advertisement, particularly “strangers coming from a distance,” that the Swift and Canning have never yet sailed together either from Belfast or from Glasgow, therefore the author of the Swift’s advertisement is left to state when and where the Swift ran the vessel alluded to out of sight.”
Also that year, the Ailsa Craig joined the fray. There was much revenue to be generated with the increase in seasonal labourers making their way from Ireland to Scotland to work on the harvest.
“The Ailsa Craig Steam Yacht, James Wilson, (formerly of the Swift), Commander. This new and powerful vessel, the Ailsa Craig steam yacht, now at the Broomielaw taking in her engines and machinery, will be ready to ply as a passage boat between Glasgow and Belfast in the middle of next month.
“This vessel, which has been built under the superintendence of Mr. Wilson, is upwards of 250 tons burthen.—Length of deck, 120 feet; and 20 feet of breadth of beam; has births for about 100 passengers; is propelled by two engines of 50 horse power each; and being built expressly for the trade, has accommodation both under and above deck superior to any now plying. He will also carry light goods and parcels.
“Period of sailing will appear in future advertisements. Further particulars may be known by applying to the Commander onboard. Alex Ure, Secretary, 106 King Street, Glasgow, June 29th, 1825.”
Another addition was the Aimwell, W. M‘Farlane, sailing from the Broomielaw by 20th August for the New Clyde Shipping Co. This was clearly an attempt to capitalize on the established reputation of the Clyde Shipping Co. The ship does not appear to have been a great success on the Belfast route. By 1828 Aimwell is recorded as sailing to Stornoway but she functioned primarily as a luggage boat and tug. In 1831, it is reported that J & W Napier reboilered her with a new design of boiler that reduced the weight and bulk of the boiler greatly for £1200. She was still owned by the New Clyde Shipping Co. at that time. The boat was upraised and lightened by 12 tons with a considerable improvement in her speed. She performed well in severe and fine weather with a cargo on board of 30 tons with a saving in fuel of twenty-five percent.
Cleland’s List of Steam-Boats on the Clyde on 11th April, 1825 Tonnage from Custom House with weight of machinery added. The last two columns are the number and power of the engines and the total horse-power.
